The transport of goods plays a key role in the modern economy. Thanks to technical and technological progress, the flow of cargo has become faster and more efficient, which has enabled the growth of global trade and the development of modern production systems. Many companies, taking advantage of new opportunities and wanting to reduce costs, have moved the production of their goods to distant regions of the world. There has also been an intensified tendency to implement Just-In-Time supply systems, which require high reliability and punctuality of deliveries. Therefore, reliable, timely, and safe transport of cargo has become increasingly important. Before 2001, ensuring safety in freight transport was primarily limited to enforcing the ban on smuggling illegal cargo and border controls.The terrorist attacks in the United States on September 11, 2001, changed the perception of security. It turned out that the means of transport itself, if used inappropriately, could become a dangerous tool, and the issue of safety in transport is therefore more complex than previously assumed – beyond protection against the destruction or loss of cargo, the means of transport, or damage to infrastructure elements, it should also include anti-terrorist protection. A consequence of the attacks was also the undertaking of a series of initiatives and the creation of regulations at the level of states and national and international organizations, thanks to which it is possible to minimize the risk of disruptions. The purpose of this study is to determine how the aforementioned regulations can affect the functioning of international transport.
Basic concepts
Within the framework of freight transport, a number of new initiatives have been undertaken aimed at minimizing the risk of disruptions. The totality of actions taken and entities involved has been defined by the common term Supply Chain Security (SCS). This term refers to procedures and measures to protect the elements of the supply chain and its environment against criminal and terrorist activities, although this study focuses on the narrower issue of regulations concerning safety in the transport of goods. (…)
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Source: Logistyka Magazine 2/2012