The transport problems of modern cities on the one hand, and the need for energy savings and environmental protection on the other, encourage the adoption of a policy of sustainable transport development in urban areas. A prerequisite for the effective implementation of such a policy is its planning at a strategic level.
There is therefore a need to create sustainable transport development plans in cities as essential elements of sustainable urban mobility plans. The main goal of a modern city’s transport policy should be sustainable mobility within its area, achieved to a large extent through the sustainable development of transport.
Challenges of urban transport in the 21st century
The sustainable development of urban transport in the 21st century is defined by European Union strategic documents, which are:
- White Paper. European transport policy for 2010: time to decide, published in 2001;
- Green Paper. Towards a new culture for urban mobility, from 2007;
- White Paper. Roadmap to a Single European Transport Area – Towards a competitive and resource efficient transport system, published in 2011.
The urban transport challenges resulting from the 2001 White Paper are:
- development of integrated ticketing systems;
- introduction of alternative energy sources;
- stimulating supply through the introduction of innovative solutions;
- promotion of good practices.
The challenge for urban transport in the 21st century in light of the 2007 Green Paper can be considered as taking actions aimed at making alternatives to the private car, such as walking, cycling, riding a motorcycle or scooter, and using public transport, more attractive and safer. Public transport should be accessible, fast, reliable, comfortable, and provide high frequency of connections.
The challenges of urban transport in light of the 2011 White Paper are:
- using energy-efficient and environmentally friendly solutions, such as walking, cycling, and using public transport;
- linking transport planning with spatial development;
- using alternative fuels.
The 2011 White Paper formulated 10 goals for creating a competitive and resource-efficient transport system that allows for a 60% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions.
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Source: Logistyka Magazine
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