Fundamentals of systems analysis of rescue operations

Abstract: The article presents the Search and Rescue (SAR) system – elements, attributes, and relationships between system components. It describes the main activities in the process of systems analysis of rescue operations, guidelines for solving SAR operation problems using systems analysis, and the classic approach to planning and executing SAR operations. The application of systems analysis allows for the comparison and prioritization of various rescue action solutions and the consequences of these actions.1. INTRODUCTION
The rescue operation coordinator is the person who makes the final decision on the variant to be implemented. Making a decision by the operation coordinator involves difficulties related to uncertainty and incomplete information, as well as a complex decision-making situation. Particularly significant is the weight of the decision problem related to the possibility of losses resulting from making an incorrect decision. Due to the “uniqueness of the rescue operation,” an important element influencing operation planning is the coordinator’s subjective assessment of the situation, resulting from their knowledge and experience. To improve the decision-making process, they can use tools supporting the decision-making process, such as, among others, systems analysis.
2. RESCUE OPERATION SYSTEM
The concept of a system is usually built around the following basic ideas [2]:
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idea of isolating the system from the environment. A system is a certain whole that is in specific mutual relations with the environment. By limiting and specifying these relations, the system maintains a certain autonomy. idea of building the system from elements (subsystems). These elements interact with each other, and these interactions (couplings) have a significant impact on the system’s properties. idea of the function performed by the system. This function forms the basis for treating the system as a whole, capable of performing an assumed task, of fulfilling the goal of its operation. idea of limited variability over time. The system undergoes greater or lesser changes over time, but retains certain basic properties, its essence. (…)

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