Abstract: Changes in certain engine structure parameters affect the emission of harmful components in exhaust gases. This primarily concerns damage occurring in the charge exchange system, as well as in the fuel system and the engine turbocharging system. The paper presents a diagnostic model of an engine in which diagnostic symptoms are indicators and characteristics of gaseous exhaust emissions. The model is supplemented with test results from a single-cylinder research compression-ignition engine test bench. The study of the model shows varying sensitivity of changes in selected engine structure parameters to diagnostic parameters.1. INTRODUCTION
The reciprocating internal combustion engine remains the most widespread source of propulsion for means of transport, including maritime transport. Its further development is determined by increasingly stringent criteria for toxic exhaust emissions and global energy problems, which force more economical fuel management. Meeting the increasingly strict requirements placed on the engine can be achieved in two ways: through continuous improvement of the combustion process and through the search for new material technologies and design solutions.
Nevertheless, along with changes in structure parameters, as a result of tribological wear, the level of toxic compounds emitted in exhaust gases changes, among other things.
The two functional systems of the engine most exposed to wear and simultaneously directly influencing the physical and chemical processes of toxic compound formation are the charge exchange and fuel supply systems. In the case of the fuel supply system, this is particularly dangerous because its malfunction consequently leads to often serious engine damage. In order to protect against such a development of events, especially in the case of new solutions, extensively developed constant monitoring systems are used, which eliminate such a possibility. In the case of older solutions, most often due to costs, the operational object is subjected only to periodic inspection. This model of supervision remains the primary one in the operation of marine internal combustion engines. At this point, it should be mentioned that at present, despite rapid progress in this field as well, there is no perfect method for diagnosing the technical condition of reciprocating internal combustion engines. (…)
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Source: Logistyka Magazine