Cogeneration – selection of CHP systems

The article addresses the issue of cogeneration, i.e., combined heat and power generation. The basics of selecting CHP systems are provided, and a practical example demonstrates how to select a combined heat and power unit.1. INTRODUCTION
Electricity is one of the basic consumer goods of the modern world. The constant increase in demand for it, combined with dwindling fossil fuel reserves, necessitates the introduction of energy-saving technologies, new energy sources, and the improvement of energy generation technologies. Modern energy technologies must ensure high conversion efficiency, minimization of harmful environmental impact, and favorable profitability indicators [1]. One of the most significant “improved” technologies for electricity and heat production is cogeneration.
Cogeneration is the combined production of heat and electricity in a chemical reaction process (combustion of fossil fuels, biogas, etc.), minimizing transmission and transformation losses while simultaneously maximizing the reduction of harmful substance emissions into the atmosphere.
Two basic systems in which cogeneration units operate can be distinguished:
• global – associated with combined generation (e.g., in combined heat and power plants), • local – supporting specific industrial facilities (hospitals, office buildings, etc.). (…)

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