The article presents methods for detecting echoes originating from characteristic objects on a radar image. The first method is based on radar images processed into an invariant form. The next one involves detecting these echoes from a raster representation of the image. The entire process is carried out to automate the determination of the observed position in radar navigation.In coastal waters where navigation is conducted, radar aids to navigation are deployed to enable safe navigation. These aids inform the navigator about navigational hazards and also allow for position fixing using radar navigation methods. The position determined in this way is characterized by an increase in accuracy as one approaches the aids. Thus, the placement of radar aids in coastal waters is not accidental. They may include: buoys, beacons, and other floating and fixed marks describing designated traffic separation schemes, fairways, isolated dangers, depth-restricted areas, areas closed to navigation, etc.
Other marks placed along the coastline are port and coastal aids necessary for position fixing using terrestrial methods: light signals such as lighthouses, beacons, leading lines, harbor heads, and hydrotechnical structures. Most of these elements are equipped with radar reflectors that distinguish them from the range of echoes visible on the radar screen. Some of them are equipped with transponders, so-called Racons. (…)
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Source: Logistyka Magazine