In the modern world, the transport of goods is of immense importance for the effective functioning of the economy, and the merchant fleet handles the majority of the total cargo mass moved globally; therefore, any disruption to its operation during maritime transit and in ports can cause economic consequences on a global scale. Recent years have also been characterized by a steady increase in the turnover of dangerous goods such as: crude oil and petroleum products, liquefied gases, dry and liquid chemical substances, explosives, nuclear waste, etc.Maritime transport and storage in ports of goods containing particularly dangerous, chemical, and radioactive substances always pose a potential threat to people, the natural environment, port facilities, and means of transport, to a much greater degree than in land transport due to the scale of a potential catastrophe. An increase in the number of accidents during the transport of hazardous materials is being recorded worldwide. Their negative impact on people and the environment influences the raising of awareness among government representatives, industry, and society regarding the importance of risk assessments related to the shipping of hazardous materials.
The diversity of forms and the quantity of dangerous goods transported necessitate the creation of specialized terminals in seaports for more efficient and safer handling of vessels. Handling equipment, warehouses and storage yards, and networks of internal and access roads are elements that make up port infrastructure.
However, the efficient operation of all infrastructure elements does not guarantee full internal security. (…)
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Source: Logistyka Magazine 5/2011