In both urban and rural areas, vehicles very often enter intersections on a yellow signal, as well as make unauthorized and dangerous entries on a red signal. The article presents the scale of this phenomenon and highlights the risks resulting from dangerous driver behavior in relation to straight-through traffic lanes. The analyses covered urban intersections located on main arteries and rural intersections located on national roads. The problem of analyzing lost time at the end of a traffic phase, which is significant in determining lane capacity, is also presented.Urban and rural intersections differ in terms of functionality. They carry vehicle traffic that varies in terms of trip purposes. In the city, these purposes are mainly related to work, home, shopping, and other recreational trips. In turn, rural intersections mainly carry transit traffic between cities and regions, as well as minor local traffic. Comparing the characteristics of traffic flows, it is found that larger traffic flows, mainly of light vehicles, and frequent congestion occur in cities, whereas outside the city, lower traffic volumes are observed, but with a more diverse structure and vehicles moving at higher speeds.
The directional structure of traffic at rural intersections, where traffic usually dominates on one of the intersecting roads, differs significantly from the directional structure of traffic at urban intersections.
Increasingly, traffic-actuated traffic signals are being used to regulate traffic at intersections outside cities, with the “preference” strategy recommended by the GDDKiA for intersections on national roads in the absence of detector actuations by road users. The scope of intersection expansion and traffic control algorithms are more diverse at urban intersections. (…)
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Source: Logistyka Magazine