The article presents issues related to sound recording using spatial multi-microphone arrays. The discussed topics concern beamforming, modeling of spatial directional characteristics of microphone arrays, as well as modern technologies for producing multi-channel recordings intended for playback in surround sound systems.1. INTRODUCTION
Modern sound recording technology is, in the vast majority of cases, based on multi-microphone technology. It utilizes microphones with specific directional characteristics: omnidirectional, figure-eight, and cardioid (in sub-, super-, and hyper-cardioid variants). Using a single microphone with a known directional characteristic for recording makes the recording process fully controlled: it is possible to predict with high probability the size and geometry of the area within which sound emitted by individual sources will be effectively captured. When using multi-microphone technology, the final effect is often difficult to predict. In such cases, sound engineering mainly uses a method based on performing multiple test recordings while changing the geometry of the microphone array. The problem is even more complex when the recording is intended for reproduction in a surround sound system, e.g., 5.1. (…)
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Source: Logistyka Magazine
Shaping the directional characteristics of microphone arrays – PDF file for download